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3% inflation means next years costs are 1.03 times this year's costs. *The year after, 1.03 times again; that is, 1.03*1.03=1.032=1.0609 times this year's costs. *Et cetera. *After 10 years, 1.0310=1.34392. *Multiply this times $4000 to get $5375.
However, don't apply such formulas mechanically. *Some things go up more than others (medical care, for example), so if these things are a big part of your life now, they will be even bigger in the future. *And if you have a fixed-rate mortgage, then your payments will not increase in dollar terms.
In other words, understand what you are calculating, and understand the limits of accuracy that you can expect.
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