From Google https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6103523
This is only good if you use Chrome on a device with USB slots, but it is another security option.If you use 2-Step Verification, you can choose Security Key as your primary method, instead of having verification codes sent to your phone. With Security Key, there’s no looking at codes and re-typing―you simply insert your Security Key into your computer’s USB port when asked.