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11-08-2015, 10:24 PM
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#161
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Thinks s/he gets paid by the post
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Midwest
Posts: 2,962
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Quote:
Originally Posted by statsman
Under what range of AAs would a 3.5% withdrawal rate be considered 100% safe? Also, and I apologize ahead of time, is the 3.5% withdrawal rate based on the initial portfolio value, or is the 3.5% rate based on the yearly balance?
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http://www.fa-mag.com/news/article-290.html
Here's the Bengen article I was remembering. Nov 2000 is the date on it. The charts and graphs unfortunately have been stripped
Salient bits:
Quote:
In my earlier writing on withdrawals from retirement investment portfolios (which appeared in the Journal of Financial Planning), I assumed that clients would retire at age 65, live "only" to age 95, and therefore require only 30 years of withdrawals from their investment portfolios. I determined "safe" withdrawal rates, which would allow retirees to stretch their resources, based on historical investment returns and rates of inflation, until at least age 95.
After much thought, I decided the most useful analysis I could perform for the Methuselah client would be to determine safe withdrawal rates for much longer periods of time, up to at least 75 years.
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Quote:
As you might expect, as desired portfolio longevity increases, the safe maximum withdrawal rate decreases. It is also clear from the chart that beyond a certain portfolio longevity-about 65 years-there is very little decline in the safe maximum withdrawal rate, no matter how much the longevity is increased. In fact, the curve in the chart seems to approach an "asymptote," or ultimate value, of about 3.5%.
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11-09-2015, 05:34 AM
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#162
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Jul 2008
Posts: 35,712
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Quote:
Originally Posted by razztazz
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I have to commend you on your excellent memory. It is as good as mine.
First of all, FIRECalc shows that a 3.5% WR will nearly deplete a 50/50 portfolio in 30 years in the worst case. It did not survive 40 years. So, how do we reconcile it with Bengen's result?
Here's the flaw in his simulation. He duplicated the period of 1964-1999 over and over into infinity. We all know that the interval of 1983-2000 was the most exuberant period for investors. It ended in an extremely high note, and by replaying this over and over, surely our eternal-life retiree will live happily over and over. Had he chosen another interval that ended in a low note to repeat over and over, the result would have been that our "Methalusah" retiree would be broke shortly after 30 years. If he were to repeat this 2000 article today, people would immediately ask about using a period that ended in 2009. Remember that from 2000 to 2009, the S&P lost 1/2 of its value after inflation, and that is with a WR of 0!
Except:
The Ibbotson Associates data, on which I base my analysis, covers only 74 years of security returns and inflation, for the years 1926 through 1999. How should I model future investment returns (and inflation) to provide for time horizons as long as 75 years?
I decided to extend my model by using a past period of historical returns and repeat it over and over, as long as necessary. I settled on the 36-year period of 1964-1999 as being representative of my hypothetical future. Thus, for the period 2000 through 2035, I used the actual Ibbotson returns for large-cap stocks (LCS), intermediate-term government bonds (ITG), as well as the measure of inflation (CPI), for the years 1964-1999. For mortal retirees, a 3.5% WR will most likely survive a 30-year retirement. Nothing that Bogle said challenges that. It's just that we cannot expect to spend and still see our stash grows, and to be able to leave behind a big pile for our heirs.
And about what Shiller said, he was referring to young investors who are still accumulating, not geezers like us who were fortunate to work, save, and invest during the exuberant past which is not likely to repeat.
__________________
"Old age is the most unexpected of all things that happen to a man" -- Leon Trotsky (1879-1940)
"Those Who Can Make You Believe Absurdities Can Make You Commit Atrocities" - Voltaire (1694-1778)
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11-09-2015, 08:11 AM
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#163
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Recycles dryer sheets
Join Date: Jun 2014
Posts: 440
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The thing I keep coming back to (and my personal poor record enforces) is that the biggest drag is my own decision making. While a 60/40 or 50/50 portfolio may not survive today at 4%... Taking action to try and beat what is given is on average much less safe. But that's really really hard to actually act on when you see a 20% drop or a 30% gain. Those swings cause action... Action causes fees, taxes and, frequently, below market returns.
I think that part of bogle's message is often lost. And btw I am not a believer that people like Buffett are lucky... I think they work at it 12-14 hours a day and have the right temperament. I don't work on it that much and don't know if I have the temperament so in moving to "don't look at it" portfolio albeit it's taking a bit of time.
Sent from my HTC One_M8 using Early Retirement Forum mobile app
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11-09-2015, 09:32 AM
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#164
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Thinks s/he gets paid by the post
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Midwest
Posts: 2,962
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Quote:
Originally Posted by NW-Bound
I have to commend you on your excellent memory. It is as good as mine.
First of all, FIRECalc shows that a 3.5% WR will nearly deplete a 50/50 portfolio in 30 years in the worst case. It did not survive 40 years. So, how do we reconcile it with Bengen's result?
Here's the flaw in his simulation. He duplicated the period of 1964-1999 over and over into infinity. We all know that the interval of 1983-2000 was the most exuberant period for investors. It ended in an extremely high note, and by replaying this over and over, surely our eternal-life retiree will live happily over and over. Had he chosen another interval that ended in a low note to repeat over and over, the result would have been that our "Methalusah" retiree would be broke shortly after 30 years. If he were to repeat this 2000 article today, people would immediately ask about using a period that ended in 2009. Remember that from 2000 to 2009, the S&P lost 1/2 of its value after inflation, and that is with a WR of 0!
Except:
The Ibbotson Associates data, on which I base my analysis, covers only 74 years of security returns and inflation, for the years 1926 through 1999. How should I model future investment returns (and inflation) to provide for time horizons as long as 75 years?
I decided to extend my model by using a past period of historical returns and repeat it over and over, as long as necessary. I settled on the 36-year period of 1964-1999 as being representative of my hypothetical future. Thus, for the period 2000 through 2035, I used the actual Ibbotson returns for large-cap stocks (LCS), intermediate-term government bonds (ITG), as well as the measure of inflation (CPI), for the years 1964-1999. For mortal retirees, a 3.5% WR will most likely survive a 30-year retirement. Nothing that Bogle said challenges that. It's just that we cannot expect to spend and still see our stash grows, and to be able to leave behind a big pile for our heirs.
And about what Shiller said, he was referring to young investors who are still accumulating, not geezers like us who were fortunate to work, save, and invest during the exuberant past which is not likely to repeat.
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You are correct. I had been trying, without success, to relocate this article for years, to reconcile the parts I remembered with what my lying eyes tell me when I run FireCalc.
I remember in the early 2000's during the prolonged crash, rerunning scenarios in FireCalc but cutting things off at 1996. That's just when the bubble that led to the 2000-2003 crash started to inflate. I figured --nobody at any time-- should depend on abnormalities or one-off situations like that to secure their futures.
The cavalry doesn't always arrive in time. Where there is a will there is not always a way. My father was that way. "Don't worry. Nothin's gonna happen!" "Shhhht! You worry too much! His final years were very bad. Very sad.
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11-09-2015, 02:29 PM
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#165
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Full time employment: Posting here.
Join Date: May 2015
Location: Atlanta suburbs
Posts: 633
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and on the other side ...
Ignore the retirement alarmists: The 4% rule is imminently safe
" In fact, Kitces went back to look at how those who retired in 2000 — the very same ones that TheWall Street Journal used to question the rule — are faring today. The results: If they retired in 2000 with $1 million, they would still have about $900,000 left.However, we need to adjust that number for inflation: $900,000 today is worth about $650,000 in constant 2000 dollars. In other words, about one-third of the nest egg for these retirees has been depleted.
But, as Kitces points out, this assumes these couples truly did adjust their withdrawals for inflation every year. "A growing base of research suggests that retiree spending in real dollars tends to decline in later years," Kitces writes, "which means in practice, a 2000 retiree today is probably even better off and spending even less as a current withdrawal rate than these calculations would suggest." "
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11-09-2015, 02:53 PM
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#166
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Feb 2013
Posts: 9,358
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I think one thing to keep in mind is that Firecalc and other similar tools assume the future U.S. investment environment will be like the past regardless of globalization, flash boys, the changes in China's economy and impact on the U.S., global wealth inequality, the advent of derivative type investments, historically low interest rates, different types and sizes of wars, the rise of mutual funds, technological changes, the rise of the supercorporations and trade pact transcending country boundaries, and many other factors.
If the U.S. investing future is like the past then Firecalc's numbers, assuming the programming is accurate, may be correct. If you believe there is less than 100% chance that the U.S. investing environment will behave like the past, then it might be good to take the Firecalc results and multiply them by a factor of less than 100%.
__________________
Even clouds seem bright and breezy, 'Cause the livin' is free and easy, See the rat race in a new way, Like you're wakin' up to a new day (Dr. Tarr and Professor Fether lyrics, Alan Parsons Project, based on an EA Poe story)
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11-09-2015, 02:53 PM
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#167
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: May 2008
Posts: 7,422
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Quote:
Originally Posted by DEC-1982
and on the other side ...
Ignore the retirement alarmists: The 4% rule is imminently safe
" In fact, Kitces went back to look at how those who retired in 2000 — the very same ones that TheWall Street Journal used to question the rule — are faring today. The results: If they retired in 2000 with $1 million, they would still have about $900,000 left.However, we need to adjust that number for inflation: $900,000 today is worth about $650,000 in constant 2000 dollars. In other words, about one-third of the nest egg for these retirees has been depleted.
But, as Kitces points out, this assumes these couples truly did adjust their withdrawals for inflation every year. "A growing base of research suggests that retiree spending in real dollars tends to decline in later years," Kitces writes, "which means in practice, a 2000 retiree today is probably even better off and spending even less as a current withdrawal rate than these calculations would suggest." "
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So maybe the 2000 retirees withdrew a lower percentage after late 2008 for a couple of years and/or withdrew based on their year ending 2008 and 2009 balance rather than their 2000 starting balance?
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11-09-2015, 03:28 PM
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#168
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Recycles dryer sheets
Join Date: Jun 2014
Posts: 440
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Quote:
Originally Posted by daylatedollarshort
I think one thing to keep in mind is that Firecalc and other similar tools assume the future U.S. investment environment will be like the past regardless of globalization, flash boys, the changes in China's economy and impact on the U.S., global wealth inequality, the advent of derivative type investments, historically low interest rates, different types and sizes of wars, the rise of mutual funds, technological changes, the rise of the supercorporations and trade pact transcending country boundaries, and many other factors.
If the U.S. investing future is like the past then Firecalc's numbers, assuming the programming is accurate, may be correct. If you believe there is less than 100% chance that the U.S. investing environment will behave like the past, then it might be good to take the Firecalc results and multiply them by a factor of less than 100%.
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You mean like Vietnam, the Cuban missile crisis, leaving the gold standard, 2 world wars, a great depression, the internet, television, S&L scams, the nifty 50... Stuff like that ?
I expect the future will look a lot like the past in those terms. How the market will look...no idea. But then... Not really much alternative.
It's the creation of wealth through business, innovation and infrastructure that drives investment returns. Now if those things go away in not sure what investment is "safe." People say gold maybe... But if you're in a society that is collapsing gold won't buy much either. Cash is useless when that happens. Maybe something like farmland and animals so you can at least make food...
I'm optimistic that the system will keep working and churning out amazing things that improve our lives.
Sent from my HTC One_M8 using Early Retirement Forum mobile app
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11-09-2015, 03:39 PM
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#169
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Full time employment: Posting here.
Join Date: May 2015
Location: Atlanta suburbs
Posts: 633
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Quote:
Originally Posted by explanade
So maybe the 2000 retirees withdrew a lower percentage after late 2008 for a couple of years and/or withdrew based on their year ending 2008 and 2009 balance rather than their 2000 starting balance?
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There are two events, the 2000 crash and the 2008 crash. It's hard to say what specific steps people took. I am guessing anybody who has assets in the market and sees the market drop by 50% is going to change his or her spending behavior.
I re-read the article and understood it as follows:
if they increased their 2000 spending by inflation every year, then starting from a $1million portfolio in 2000, they would still have $900,000 today.
But the reality is that they did NOT increase their spending every year, so they would have more than $900,000 today.
On the lack of spending increases with inflation, this pretty much matches what the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports, although one cannot assume people had money to spend and didn't; maybe they had no money to spend and therefore spending went down.
This thread is about Mr Bogle and his 10-year estimate. I don't know if I got off-topic; I just wanted to end the day on a happy note.
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11-09-2015, 03:43 PM
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#170
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Feb 2013
Posts: 9,358
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Quote:
Originally Posted by petershk
You mean like Vietnam, the Cuban missile crisis, leaving the gold standard, 2 world wars, a great depression, the internet, television, S&L scams, the nifty 50... Stuff like that ?
I expect the future will look a lot like the past in those terms. How the market will look...no idea. But then... Not really much alternative.
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There is an alternative, especially for essential retirement expenses. There is no one size fits all AA for every retirement investor, but personally I am risk adverse and more interested in capital preservation than growth. John Bogle says "invest we must" but his company is not going to push investments they do not make profits from, even if those profit margins are less than his competitors. He is still in business to make money.
__________________
Even clouds seem bright and breezy, 'Cause the livin' is free and easy, See the rat race in a new way, Like you're wakin' up to a new day (Dr. Tarr and Professor Fether lyrics, Alan Parsons Project, based on an EA Poe story)
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11-09-2015, 09:27 PM
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#171
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: May 2004
Location: SW Ohio
Posts: 14,404
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Quote:
Originally Posted by daylatedollarshort
There is an alternative, especially for essential retirement expenses. There is no one size fits all AA for every retirement investor, but personally I am risk adverse and more interested in capital preservation than growth. John Bogle says "invest we must" but his company is not going to push investments they do not make profits from, even if those profit margins are less than his competitors. He is still in business to make money.
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Bogle is retired from Vanguard, it's "his company" only in the sense that he started it. He doesn't make one more cent if people invest with Vanguard. He does make money if people buy his books, same as the folks "pushing" (your term) that liability matching strategy.
Quote:
Originally Posted by daylatedollarshort
I think one thing to keep in mind is that Firecalc and other similar tools assume the future U.S. investment environment will be like the past . . . .
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No, FIRECalc makes no such assumptions at all. The program shows how a given set of investments, withdrawal strategies, etc would have performed in the past. It is left to the user to make any assumptions about the future. The instructions in FIRECalc are clear on this limitation/virtue.
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11-09-2015, 10:03 PM
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#172
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: May 2004
Location: SW Ohio
Posts: 14,404
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Quote:
Originally Posted by DEC-1982
. . . " In fact, Kitces went back to look at how those who retired in 2000 — the very same ones thatTheWall Street Journal used to question the rule — are faring today. The results: If they retired in 2000 with $1 million, they would still have about $900,000 left.However, we need to adjust that number for inflation: $900,000 today is worth about $650,000 in constant 2000 dollars. In other words, about one-third of the nest egg for these retirees has been depleted."
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Hmmm, they've logged 15 years of retirement in one of the biggest drops on US equity value ever, and only burned through 35% of their money. At this rate, their dough will only last another 29 years, and if they were 65 when they retired they'll be flat broke when they are 109 years old unless they pare back their spending. Sounds like they are doing pretty darn well, and should hope for a continuation of this "bad luck".
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11-10-2015, 08:19 AM
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#173
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Jul 2008
Posts: 35,712
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Quote:
Originally Posted by samclem
Hmmm, they've logged 15 years of retirement in one of the biggest drops on US equity value ever, and only burned through 35% of their money. At this rate, their dough will only last another 29 years, and if they were 65 when they retired they'll be flat broke when they are 109 years old unless they pare back their spending. Sounds like they are doing pretty darn well, and should hope for a continuation of this "bad luck".
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Strictly speaking, if a retiree spent 35% of his stash on the first 15 years of retirement and if this 15-year period repeats, he will spend more than 35% of the initial value this 2nd time. It's because he now has only 65% of the stock dividends and bond yields that he had the 1st time, and his 4% WR is now 6.2% WR.
Still, it is likely that he will make it another 15 years. Thus, the 4% WR succeeds once more, and the 2000-2015 period did not fall out of the range of past market performance.
But, but, but how many of us are prepared to see our "incredible shrinking portfolio" right before we croak? When people think of 30-year retirement survival, they are still thinking of dying and leaving behind the same stash as they start their retirement with. They are still seeing in their mind the runs of FIRECalc that soar up and to the right of the chart.
People have to be reminded every so often that 4% WR means they may end their life being thousandaire and no longer a millionaire. And that should be considered a success, not a failure.
__________________
"Old age is the most unexpected of all things that happen to a man" -- Leon Trotsky (1879-1940)
"Those Who Can Make You Believe Absurdities Can Make You Commit Atrocities" - Voltaire (1694-1778)
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11-13-2015, 02:29 PM
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#174
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Feb 2013
Posts: 9,358
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Apologies in advance if the article in the link below has been posted already here, but it was a new article to me on the same subject and addresses the question of how accurate have Bogle's forecasts been in the past:
Bogle: Stocks 6%, Bonds 3%
"Formally, the relationship between Bogle's 10-year stock forecasts and subsequent market returns is 0.81. The even-simpler bond model has an even-higher correlation of 0.95, illustrating once again that with investment projections, less can be more. (Greater complexity does not necessarily mean greater sophistication; as Mark Twain wrote, sometimes people compose long letters because they lack the time--and perhaps the skill--to draft a short one.)
Thus, the evidence suggests that while Bogle's forecasts aren't reliable guides for a single, specified time period, they will likely be close to the mark over a sufficiently long term."
__________________
Even clouds seem bright and breezy, 'Cause the livin' is free and easy, See the rat race in a new way, Like you're wakin' up to a new day (Dr. Tarr and Professor Fether lyrics, Alan Parsons Project, based on an EA Poe story)
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11-13-2015, 06:16 PM
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#175
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Full time employment: Posting here.
Join Date: Dec 2013
Location: San Diego
Posts: 880
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Quote:
Originally Posted by daylatedollarshort
...Formally, the relationship between Bogle's 10-year stock forecasts and subsequent market returns is 0.81. The even-simpler bond model has an even-higher correlation of 0.95...
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This quote from the article does not make any sense to me. Correlation of what to what? Such high correlations seems to indicate he is correlating a time series, which of course you cannot do. Maybe I am missing something?
__________________
Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily,
Life is but a dream.
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11-13-2015, 06:33 PM
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#176
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: May 2004
Location: SW Ohio
Posts: 14,404
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Quote:
Originally Posted by CaliforniaMan
This quote from the article does not make any sense to me. Correlation of what to what? Such high correlations seems to indicate he is correlating a time series, which of course you cannot do. Maybe I am missing something?
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I read it as "the correlation of Bogle's predicted equity returns and the actual equity returns has been 0.81". Which would be pretty good agreement, I.e. his predictions have been relatively accurate.
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11-14-2015, 03:13 AM
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#177
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Jul 2005
Posts: 6,115
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Quote:
Originally Posted by DEC-1982
There are two events, the 2000 crash and the 2008 crash. It's hard to say what specific steps people took. I am guessing anybody who has assets in the market and sees the market drop by 50% is going to change his or her spending behavior.
I re-read the article and understood it as follows:
if they increased their 2000 spending by inflation every year, then starting from a $1million portfolio in 2000, they would still have $900,000 today.
But the reality is that they did NOT increase their spending every year, so they would have more than $900,000 today.
On the lack of spending increases with inflation, this pretty much matches what the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports, although one cannot assume people had money to spend and didn't; maybe they had no money to spend and therefore spending went down.
This thread is about Mr Bogle and his 10-year estimate. I don't know if I got off-topic; I just wanted to end the day on a happy note.
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all study's are like results in the lab . they rule out human inter-action so there is a consistent comparison .
human intervention can make results better so once again we are considering worst case not only based on market data but on human intervention as well . in this case pulling 4% and inflation adjusting like a robot .
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11-14-2015, 09:43 AM
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#178
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Jul 2008
Posts: 35,712
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Quote:
Originally Posted by daylatedollarshort
Apologies in advance if the article in the link below has been posted already here, but it was a new article to me on the same subject and addresses the question of how accurate have Bogle's forecasts been in the past:
Bogle: Stocks 6%, Bonds 3%
"Formally, the relationship between Bogle's 10-year stock forecasts and subsequent market returns is 0.81. The even-simpler bond model has an even-higher correlation of 0.95, illustrating once again that with investment projections, less can be more. (Greater complexity does not necessarily mean greater sophistication; as Mark Twain wrote, sometimes people compose long letters because they lack the time--and perhaps the skill--to draft a short one.)
Thus, the evidence suggests that while Bogle's forecasts aren't reliable guides for a single, specified time period, they will likely be close to the mark over a sufficiently long term."
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Thanks for posting.
A stock return of 6% nominal, and perhaps 3.5% after inflation of 2.5% is still a lot better than fixed income. So why not go 100% equity?
Of course the market does not move in a straight line, so I am going to have some cash or bond for rebalancing opportunity. Or if one goes 100% stock, he can write some calls when he feels the market is frothy.
A lot of the above depends on the execution. Some say that you cannot do that reliably, but I do not see it as the reason to not do anything. It requires that you make an evaluation of the market, and if you believe that you cannot evaluate the market, you will not make a prediction of what its future return is going to be. Right?
__________________
"Old age is the most unexpected of all things that happen to a man" -- Leon Trotsky (1879-1940)
"Those Who Can Make You Believe Absurdities Can Make You Commit Atrocities" - Voltaire (1694-1778)
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11-14-2015, 11:26 AM
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#179
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Give me a museum and I'll fill it. (Picasso) Give me a forum ...
Join Date: Feb 2013
Posts: 9,358
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Quote:
Originally Posted by NW-Bound
Thanks for posting.
A stock return of 6% nominal, and perhaps 3.5% after inflation of 2.5% is still a lot better than fixed income. So why not go 100% equity?
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That is certainly a valid choice for people like you who understand the risks, can withstand the ups and downs or even profit from them and and won't be eating cat food no matter what the market does.
__________________
Even clouds seem bright and breezy, 'Cause the livin' is free and easy, See the rat race in a new way, Like you're wakin' up to a new day (Dr. Tarr and Professor Fether lyrics, Alan Parsons Project, based on an EA Poe story)
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11-14-2015, 11:33 AM
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#180
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Administrator
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: Chicagoland
Posts: 40,585
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Quote:
Originally Posted by NW-Bound
A stock return of 6% nominal, and perhaps 3.5% after inflation of 2.5% is still a lot better than fixed income. So why not go 100% equity?
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Because of the volatility.
Did Bogle give us annualized returns or just annual. The latter, I think. The annualized rates can (and probably will) be lower because of the volatility. We use fixed income not only for return but also to dampen the impact of market declines and to have some funds to "buy low".
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