RE: 'washing' the check and replacing the payee name...
OK, but then I guess I'm confused as to what they do then. I thought 'washing' the check (acetone, benzine, tri-chlor, or some other ink dissolving chemical) was pretty low tech. Erase the payee, write in your own name, and cash it.
I think I also read they sometimes create a new account with a fake ID and then do a bunch so it can't be tracked back so easily, not sure that is so easy anymore.
If the check was still made out to the Treasury Dept, what do dumb crooks do?
My MIL had a check stolen out of her mailbox years ago, and the thieves 'washed' it, filled out what they wanted (signature wasn't even close). She was on the ball enough to catch it on the monthly statement and dispute it, and the charge was reversed.
-ERD50