In the U.S., the Seventh Day Adventists in Loma Linda live 10 - 12 years longer than the rest of the population, though they have many lifestyle differences in addition to avoiding processed foods -
"To make it to age 100, you have to have won the genetic lottery. But most of us
have the capacity to make it well into our early 90’s and largely without chronic disease. As the Adventists demonstrate, the average person’s life expectancy could increase by 10-12 years by adopting a Blue Zones lifestyle."
https://www.bluezones.com/2016/11/power-9/
On the topic of longevity, science and diet, many universities do have departments dedicated to longevity science and diet is usually the main focus. Valter Longo at USC has a book out called the Longevity Diet, based on his research. He bases his recommendations on what he calls the five pillars of longevity, which include epidemiology, basic research on longevity, clinical studies, centenarian studies, and studies of complex systems (cars and planes). Interview here -
https://news.usc.edu/135551/fasting-aging-dieting-and-when-you-should-eat-valter-longo/ .
Researchers have been studying long lived populations for decades, and have been conducting experiments on short lived animal species as well, like yeast and mice.