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Chronically high insulin levels is what ultimately leads to the pancreas wearing out as more and more insulin is required to regulate blood sugar because the body, muscles etc., develop insulin resistance in a high insulin environment. Vicious cycle. The pancreas wearing out means the body has lost the ability to regulate its blood sugar and that is when a person may be detected to have developed type 2 diabetes.
It’s all about keeping that insulin down by not eating foods that overload the blood with sugar. Time restricted eating helps by giving the body a good long rest, letting blood insulin levels drop and providing a time period where the body can burn some of its stored fat. I suspect it also tends to retrain the hunger system, reducing cravings etc.
Some of us choose to restrict carbs to keep blood sugar low and insulin low most of the time. Chronic high insulin levels and high blood sugar damage the cardiovascular system, causing inflammation, etc. People with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes can develop some very nasty side effects - neuropathy such as losing sensation in extremities (hands, feet) which can result in amputation, kidney disease and ultimately kidney failure, NAFLD - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and even cirrhosis, eye problems leading to blindness, it’s a very long list.
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