2008 cap gains taxes: zero in 10% & 15% income-tax brackets

Nords

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The Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 was signed into law a couple months ago. Although I don't have the specific words of the bill, here's one magazine's paraphrasing: "Long term cap gains and dividend income for taxpayers in the 10% and 15% brackets are taxed at the max rate of 5% in 2006-7 and 0% (zero percent) in 2008." From another magazine, "In May, however, Congress passed the 2006 tax act, which extends the rate of zero percent beyond its scheduled expiration at the end of 2008, authorizing it to stay on the books through 2010."

My first thought was: "Cool. We can pay zero taxes after selling our $28 Tweedy, Browne shares that have the $15 cost basis."

My second thought was: "Hey, why not sell everything on 2 Jan 2008, buy it back on 3 Jan 2008, and enjoy a tax-free step-up in basis?"

My third thought is: "Ouch, what if everyone does this?!? There has to be a catch."

What's the catch?
 
Catch is that you have to stay in the appropriate tax bracket.  Sell too much and suddenly you are in the 25% bracket.
 
We seem to be able to stay in the 15% tax bracket, but long-term capital gains seem to cause us to pay AMT on our ordinary income.

HOWEVER if the only test is 15% tax bracket on ordinary income, doesn't that imply that you should get the lower cap gain rates? Or does the AMT somehow bring in higher cap gain rates?

This seems too TRICKY, I just don't begin to know how to figure it.

Audrey
 
cap gains + ordinary income must stay within the 15% brackets to retain the 0% taxation on LT cap gains.

What if everyone did this? My guess is that most folks in the 10% + 15% brackets don't have a ton of cap gains built up (they aren't investors). Second, anyone who sells will be buying back in the market shortly thereafter. As far as I know, there isn't any prohibition or negative tax consequence to selling and immediately buying back, just to force a recognition/realization of the gain.
 
justin said:
As far as I know, there isn't any prohibition or negative tax consequence to selling and immediately buying back, just to force a recognition/realization of the gain.
Actually there might be negative consequences (but can be circumvented). Read about "wash sale".
 
sailor said:
Actually there might be negative consequences (but can be circumvented). Read about "wash sale".

My understanding of a wash sale is that it only prevents recognition of a capital loss when a purchase of a substantially similar security occurs within 30 days (before or after). It wouldn't prevent/complicate recognition of cap gains, right?
 
justin said:
My understanding of a wash sale is that it only prevents recognition of a capital loss when a purchase of a substantially similar security occurs within 30 days (before or after).  It wouldn't prevent/complicate recognition of cap gains, right? 
Right. Not a problem for gains.

Audrey
 
Martha said:
Another catch will be the possibility of AMT on your ordinary income. 

Martha,

You know to much. Please report for extermination tomorrow at 0600.

The Man

PS If you oversleep that's OK.

:D :D :D
 
Martha said:
Catch is that you have to stay in the appropriate tax bracket.  Sell too much and suddenly you are in the 25% bracket.
Martha can you provide a link on the exact wording 'cause I just had a CPA tell me that as long as I stayed under the earnings of the particular lowest rate, then I could cash in at 0% all of the LT cap gains. I had hoped that was true, as I do have a bunch of cap gains built up, with 0 cash basis, or nearly so. I had hoped to cash in and use the savings in taxes to live off for the year, and then commence the earnings (like pension, and short term cap gains). Is my CPA all wet? :confused: :-X
 
whitestick said:
Martha can you provide a link on the exact wording 'cause I just had a CPA tell me that as long as I stayed under the earnings of the particular lowest rate, then I could cash in at 0% all of the LT cap gains.  I had hoped that was true, as I do have a bunch of cap gains built up, with 0 cash basis, or nearly so.  I had hoped to cash in and use the savings in taxes to live off for the year, and then commence the earnings (like pension, and short term cap gains).  Is my CPA all wet? :confused: :-X

The best source I can think of is Publication 17, which is the general publication on how to figure out your taxes. http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p17.pdf See table 16-1 and pages 105 and 106.
 
2B said:
Martha, 

You know to much.  Please report for extermination tomorrow at 0600. 

The Man

PS  If you oversleep that's OK.

:D :D :D

Come on, ask me a computer question. ;)
 
audreyh1 said:
We seem to be able to stay in the 15% tax bracket, but long-term capital gains seem to cause us to pay AMT on our ordinary income.

HOWEVER if the only test is 15% tax bracket on ordinary income, doesn't that imply that you should get the lower cap gain rates?  Or does the AMT somehow bring in higher cap gain rates?

This seems too TRICKY, I just don't begin to know how to figure it.

Audrey

I hate AMT.  You still get taxed on your capital gains at the lower rate, but you expose more of your ordinary income to a higher tax.  Many deductions get eliminated as well.  
 
Martha said:
Off black. :)

My wife recently told me "Wow look at those neat red computers Dell has now. I think we need one of those! It looks prettier than the blue one we have now." No wonder women get hoodwinked at the car lot and at the computer store. ;)
 
whitestick said:
Martha can you provide a link on the exact wording 'cause I just had a CPA tell me that as long as I stayed under the earnings of the particular lowest rate, then I could cash in at 0% all of the LT cap gains. I had hoped that was true, as I do have a bunch of cap gains built up, with 0 cash basis, or nearly so. I had hoped to cash in and use the savings in taxes to live off for the year, and then commence the earnings (like pension, and short term cap gains). Is my CPA all wet? :confused: :-X

I found two quotes at Fairmark.com, pasted in below:

Q. I'm concerned that a capital gain will push my other income into a higher tax bracket. Doesn't this mean the real cost of a capital gain is higher than it appears?
A: No, capital gain is "stacked" on top of your other income, so it won't push the other income up into a higher tax bracket. As we pointed out earlier, a capital gain increases your income, and that could cause you to lose a benefit somewhere. For example, your exemptions or itemized deductions might be reduced when you have a capital gain. So there can be some indirect tax costs when you have a capital gain. But your other income stays in the same bracket when you have a capital gain.

This one suggests that you could have higher gains, and get the zero% capgains treatment, as long as your regular income (interest and salary) stayed within the 15% bracket numbers.

But this one below says that capgains make it into your AGI, and count against you for other income-based phaseouts. Still, it says that the capgains portion of income would continue to get treated at its lower rate, which could include, presumably, the zero% rate.

Q: Does a capital gain increase my income?
A: There's a vague notion out there that capital gains aren't income because they're taxed at their own special rates. Folks are hoping, perhaps, that capital gains won't count when they determine whether they can deduct an IRA contribution, or how much of their social security benefit is taxable, or how much of their exemptions are phased out, among other things.
Unfortunately, capital gains are income. A special calculation provides the lower capital gains rate, but doesn't remove capital gains from your overall income (or adjusted gross income).

These came from the page on capgains questions at fairmark: http://fairmark.com/capgain/basic.htm


If all this is true, it has the strange 'cost' of making your cap loss carryforwards now worthless. It also suggests that there will be a huge amount of buying and selling of appreciated assets: houses, stocks come to mind, by retirees. Possibly even some people taking a year off from work in order to get low salaries and interest that year and then cash o ut whopping big capgains. Then again, maybe they would have been doing that already to get 5% gains under the current law. Am I missing something?
 
Bob, the examples aren't really on point. It just says that when figuring brackets, ordinary income is counted first. Here is a thread I just found on the Fairmark Forum that discusses the issue and is consistent with what I said:

http://fairmark.com/forum/read.php?3,6552,6552#msg-6552

From a post by Kaye Thomas, a frequent poster and CPA:

In any event, the rule would apply only to the portion of gain that falls into the 10% or 15% bracket. For example, a single person earning $26,000 has only about $5,000 of unused 15% bracket before moving into the 25% bracket. If this person has a $30,000 capital gain, only $5,000 of that gain will be tax-free. This is gain that would have been taxed at 5%, so the savings are only $250.
 
Five minutes with the actual form tells me this, which may be wrong...check it yourself.

You add your income and capital gains. Income is taxed from the regular income table. Gains under 29.7k single / 59.4k married filing joint is taxed at 5%. Gains over that are taxed at 15%.

So lets say you're married filing joint, you have 30k in income and 40k in capital gains. 30k is taxed at your ordinary income rate, the first 29.4k of gains is taxed at 5% and the rest at 15%.

Lots of other different options and whatnot (900 question form in the link martha provided under 'reporting gains'), especially for gains held 5 years or longer, but I think thats the gist of it.
 
Yup, you got it.  Except those are 2005 number and 2006 is a bit higher on the brackets.
 
whitestick said:
Martha can you provide a link on the exact wording 'cause I just had a CPA tell me that as long as I stayed under the earnings of the particular lowest rate, then I could cash in at 0% all of the LT cap gains.  I had hoped that was true, as I do have a bunch of cap gains built up, with 0 cash basis, or nearly so.  I had hoped to cash in and use the savings in taxes to live off for the year, and then commence the earnings (like pension, and short term cap gains).  Is my CPA all wet? :confused: :-X

The theory is if you are in the low tax bracket(s) INCLUDING CAPITAL GAINS (AND/OR QUALIFIED DIVIDENDS), you qualify for the lower or zero LTCG rates.

But if you cash out to generate enough capital gains to increase your taxable income beyond the threshold for lower rates, then it will drive you up to the maximum LTCG rate of 15%.

So the bottom line is, the zero LTCG rate is not limitless.
 
retire@40 said:
The theory is if you are in the low tax bracket(s) INCLUDING CAPITAL GAINS (AND/OR QUALIFIED DIVIDENDS), you qualify for the lower or zero LTCG rates.

But if you cash out to generate enough capital gains to increase your taxable income beyond the threshold for lower rates, then it will drive you up to the maximum LTCG rate of 15%.

So the bottom line is, the zero LTCG rate is not limitless.

Yes, but he wanted us to "prove it." :)
 
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