I am not a medical doctor or health care practitioner.
If you care about your metabolic health, here are common markers for insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia. If you are developing insulin resistance you are moving along the pathway to developing diabetes, fatty liver and/or cardiovascular disease, and you’ll probably have difficulty losing weight if you are a bit heavy already. All but the last two are blood tests. Any one of these raises suspicions, 2 or 3 makes it very strong.
- high triglycerides. Standard 150 is a bit high for an acceptable range.
- low HDL
- fasting glucose - if this is elevated it needs to be confirmed with HbA1C test
- fasting insulin - combined with fasting glucose, HOMA IR can be calculated. My doc likes to see fasting insulin below 8.
- ALT liver enzyme - best 25 or below. If it’s elevated can be an indication of fatty liver.
- blood pressure - elevated is strongly associated with insulin resistance.
- waist circumference - some docs use waist versus height to diagnose insulin resistance. It’s an indication of visceral fat, or fat within and around organs.
Why care about catching insulin resistance early? It’s the underlying cause of many chronic western diseases. Treating only the symptoms doesn’t do much good if you don’t treat the underlying cause.
How to treat insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia? It’s mostly a disease of diet. For most people some degree of carbohydrate restriction can quickly reverse many of the markers. Intermittent fasting is another approach. Many people combine both approaches. The point is to give the body long periods of time with low blood insulin levels which allows the body to correct the problem. Some people are more carb sensitive than others.
I bring metabolic health up because many chronic diseases associated with insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia get worse as you age. But they are not inevitable!
88% of American adults are considered to be metabolically unhealthy.
If you wondered where that number came from, as I have, it is from NHANES 2009-2016
Prevalence of Optimal Metabolic Health in American Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2016 | Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/met.2018.0105