It is best to avoid ladders if you can. I still use them, but have a few rules.
- All A-frame ladders must be in the A shape. No leaning them against walls.
- Don't do a reach that requires changing your body position
- 3 points of contact, always, on an extension ladder
- Extension ladders in dirt are dug in
- Extension ladders on wood have screw or nail backups (avoid slide out)
- Try to avoid extension ladder on concrete, but if so, assure proper angle
- Never, ever, ever, ever cut something from a ladder that is to fall away. This includes parts of buildings or trees. The big reason people fall off ladders with trees is the "bounce back". For example:
This guy also isn't following the three point rule. Most tree-ladder incidents are not this dramatic, usually the tree branch kicks the ladder and causes the fall. A church member had this happen and he's now a severe traumatic brain injury patient for the rest of his life.
If you have a ladder (even a tiny A-frame) and are cutting trees, STOP. Move away. You are doing it wrong. No pro ever cuts a tree using a ladder. Ever.
(BTW: if the repeat of this GIF is driving you crazy, that's good. Makes an impression, eh?)