pb4uski is correct. Until you get up into the Arctic, where there's permafrost, there is a "frost line" below which the ground doesn't ever freeze. Local codes require things like underground water pipes and footings to be below this line. Around here the line is around 3 feet, so the codes require 4-foot depths for footings.
Without heat, the basement quickly becomes the warmest room in the house. The water pipes entering the basement from the street won't freeze, even in a vacant, unheated house. Only if the house is removed and the cellar hole open to the elements will it become a problem.